A Concept Paper by the author’s English for Academic and Professional Purposes subject re-posted on WordPress
Films are considered by many to be art, and while many of them are considered to be so, for me the Dark Knight Trilogy is a masterpiece on a different level. This observation got me wondering about the classic mimesis principle, that is, art imitating life. In this paper, we’ll be zeroing in on the threesome of superhero movies that changed the genre long before the Marvel Cinematic Universe got to where it is today.
The theory is formally called Mimesis, a Greek word that means “imitation”. Plato and Aristotle spoke of mimesis as the re-presentation of nature. According to Plato, all artistic creation is a form of imitation. (Mimesis, Britannica.com)
Art imitating life is evident everywhere. After all, one of the main tenets of my identity is an example of this as I was named after the Jedi Order in the world-famous Star Wars films.
To come back to the main topic of discussion, we must first introduce the Dark Knight Trilogy. The Dark Knight Trilogy was a series of three films released in the years 2005, 2008, and 2012 respectively, with Christopher Nolan directing and Christian Bale starring in all three.
In the first installment entitled Batman Begins, the young Bruce Wayne is forced to turn into the vigilante known as Batman to solve the crime brought about by the numerous evil elements in the city. As the film progresses, he has to face his fears in order to defeat his former mentor Ra’s al Ghul, the leader of the organization known as the League of Shadows.
This film’s central theme was certainly fear, defined by Merriam-Webster as “an unpleasant often strong emotion caused by anticipation or awareness of danger”. It is seen clearly when Bruce Wayne adopts the bat–the creature that he’s most frightened of–as part of his persona in fighting crime. Dr. Jonathan Crane, the villain known as the Scarecrow, also uses fear to his advantage by utilizing his psychopharmacological expertise in crafting a toxin that spreads panic. In the end, Batman learns to fully take on his persona and move past his fears to save the city he so desperately wants to cleanse.
Fear is truly an emotion that everyone has experienced. Whether it be fear of ghosts, terrorists, or the unknown, life is filled with things that humanity has a dread of facing. Batman Begins truly highlights this, pushing one to realize the importance of bravery; doing the right thing despite being afraid.
Moving forward, we have the 2008 film The Dark Knight. The second film was possibly the most popular of them all due to the press publicity it got with the untimely death of Heath Ledger, the actor of the Joker whose performance was critically acclaimed. In this film, Batman struggles to balance his role as Gotham’s “Dark Knight” as the insane Joker threatens to upend the entire city and send District Attorney Harvey Dent (Gotham’s “White Knight”) spiraling down to the abyss of chaos as well.
The second film’s central theme is a little less clear than its predecessor but it ultimately boils down to chaos. Merriam-Webster defines chaos as “a state of utter confusion”, and that was the case for the Joker’s maniacal plans for the city. In the end, while he may have lost in the battle for Gotham’s soul, he succeeded in turning Dent into an unpredictable character–Two-Face, a murderous villain who relies on the flip of a coin for his decisions.
He also succeeded in bringing a little chaos into the main character, with Batman breaking his “one rule”, that is, never to kill. This leads to Batman’s disappearance after taking the blame for Dent’s death, resulting in the simultaneous loss of both “Knights” but leading to the rise of Lieutenant James Gordon.
Here, we see life’s madness on full display. In one of the most iconic quotes in the film, Wayne’s butler Alfred Pennyworth describes the Joker and people like him likewise: “Some men just want to watch the world burn.” Life has indeed shown many people who spread disorder simply for the fun of it, and the Joker was the ultimate representation of that.
Harvey Dent’s turn to Two-Face was also enthralling, with his obsession with fairness and bitter realization of the unpredictability of life. Once more, we see art imitating life in a film that was equal parts disturbing and exciting; a tribute to the brilliance of the people who worked to bring the story to life.
Finally, we have the final film in the trilogy, 2012’s The Dark Knight Rises. This film shows Bruce Wayne pushed to his limits as he comes out of retirement as Batman to face the anarchist Bane and his army of followers. It is Nolan’s highest-grossing film, and it features Anne Hathaway as the fickle Catwoman and the returning Joseph Gordon-Levitt as young police officer John Blake.
For the concluding movie, the central theme is most definitely despair, a term that Merriam-Webster defines as “utter loss of hope”. Despair is a deeply draining emotion that many people feel, especially during moments of great loss.
It is given a central stage in The Dark Knight Rises, especially during Bruce Wayne’s ordeal in the underground dungeon. The sadistic Bane even forced him to watch via a television monitor as he completely derailed justice in Gotham, exiling or killing the rich and powerful of the city while setting up a nuclear bomb to completely destroy the city.
The feeling of helplessness could be felt through every word and every action. Nolan truly uses the film as a canvas to paint the most excruciating feeling of paralysis, with hope lost due to the volatile situation. Eventually, however, the rock bottom of despair meant that there was no way to go but up. For Batman that meant both literally and figuratively as he escaped from the dungeon, a Dark Knight rising from the depths of hopelessness.
Through the lens of the three films and their respective themes–fear, chaos, and despair–the realities of life are examined. Each feeling or state that plagues humanity is given the spotlight; art, in the form of film, imitates life in a way that is simultaneously intimate and detached from us viewers. “After all,” we say, “it’s just a fictional story.”
Perhaps that is why we are so drawn to art, to stories, and to the media. We realize that it can reflect back to us our own daunting experiences, our own deep hurts, and our own flawed visages, and we can realize that one can rise above these. So maybe art imitating life isn’t just a cheap rip-off; it’s a way for us to represent and subsequently study ourselves in a very real way.
Art is not just something aesthetically pleasing. It is there to guide us to think, to appreciate, and to feel. And what is more important to think about, to appreciate, and to feel than the realities of life and ourselves?
Art can help us rise from each dark night; it is a mirror to ourselves, and a window to the soul. All it takes is creativity, skill, and a certain knowledge of everything that is around and within us.
Bibliography
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (Last edited November 22, 2011.) Mimesis. Britannica.com. https://www.britannica.com/art/mimesis
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Fear. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fear
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Chaos. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chaos
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Despair. Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/despair
Rotten Tomatoes critics and contributors. (n.d.) Batman Begins. Rottentomatoes.com. https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/batman_begins
Rotten Tomatoes critics and contributors. (n.d.) The Dark Knight. Rottentomatoes.com. https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_dark_knight
Rotten Tomatoes critics and contributors. (n.d.) The Dark Knight Rises. Rottentomatoes.com. https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/the_dark_knight_rises
Rhys McGinley. (n.d.) Christopher Nolan: All Movies Ranked By How Much They Grossed, According To Box Office Mojo. Screenrant.com. https://screenrant.com/christopher-nolan-movies-ranked-by-gross-box-office-mojo/